The matching criteria includes the metadata associated with a proxy, If youre looking for the fastest way to get to production with Istio, check out our open source Tetrate Istio Distro (TID) is a vetted, upstream distribution of Istioa hardened image of Istio with continued support that is simpler to install, manage, and upgrade. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. If not set, any request principal is allowed. This means that Azure AKS. When CUSTOM, DENY and ALLOW actions are used for a workload at the same time, the CUSTOM action is evaluated first, then the DENY action, and finally the ALLOW action. It could be a bit confusing at first, especially that the default action is ALLOW, so a policy like this will deny all traffic in a namespace: The deny policies take precedence over allow policies, so for example if there are conflicting rules, where a policy allows GET requests, and another denies them, the deny policy will be applied. Real-time and auditable assurance of security posture and regulatory compliance. The following authorization policy applies to workloads containing label "version: v1" in all namespaces in the mesh. Using istio operator 1.7.2 Must be used only with HTTP or gRPC. Zero trust network architecture inverts the assumptions of perimeter security. A rubric for a zero trust system is that you could expose it to the open internet and it would still be secure, with no unauthorized access to systems, data, or communication. apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1beta1 kind: AuthorizationPolicy metadata: name: policy namespace: istio - config spec: selector: matchLabels: version: v1. When a NetworkPolicy selects a specific pod, that pod will reject any connections, except those that are explicitly allowed. Authentication and authorization are bound to a short-lived session after which they must be re-established. http://github.com/istio/istio/operator, Environment where the bug was observed (cloud vendor, OS, etc) A list of ports, which matches to the destination.port attribute. It allows requests from: We've blogged a lot about connect, even more about observe, and also had a few articles about secure. The rules contain a source, that means that traffic is allowed only from a workload with the cluster.local/ns/backyards-demo/sa/frontpage identity (service account). Istio uses mutual TLS to securely pass some information from the client to the server. Those resources were part of the v1alpha1 API, that is now completely replaced by the v1beta1 API. So to recap, the above policy allows GET requests from workloads with the cluster.local/ns/backyards-demo/sa/frontpage identity to backyard-demo/catalog, and denies everything else. Optional. configured to istio-config). It gives the user a very powerful and flexible, yet performant way of authorization between Kubernetes workloads. when specifies a list of additional conditions of a request. app: httpbin in namespace bar. For more details about network policies check out our blog post, Exploring Network Policies in Kubernetes. Service identity and end-user credentials are dynamically authenticated and authorized before any access is allowed. Currently AuthorizationPolicy only supports ALLOW action. Expected behavior The data plane consists of sidecar proxies running alongside the application containers in the same pod, and they are responsible for forwarding all incoming, and outgoing traffic to the application. WorkloadSelector specifies the criteria used to determine if a policy can be applied It doesnt contain a condition, which means match any conditions. But operating at the network layer has the advantage of being universal, since all network applications use IP. This allows the integrity and security posture of all assets to be continuously monitored and policy enforcement continuously assured. iss/sub claims), which matches to the request.auth.principal attribute. on which a policy should be applied. the condition is matched. Istio authorization doesnt need to be explicitly enabled. A list of rules to specify the allowed access to the workload. If you want to have a finer grained authorization model, you should go with Istio, but if your only requirement is that pod A should only be able to communicate with pod B, then NetworkPolicies are just as good. Optional. For example, the following authorization policy applies to workloads matched with in namespace foo. Standalone Operator Install [Experimental], Simplified Multicluster Install [Experimental], Upgrade Istio using istioctl [Experimental], Plugging in External CA Key and Certificate, Configure Citadel Service Account Secret Generation, Authorization Policy Trust Domain Migration, Virtual Machines in Single-Network Meshes, Learn Microservices using Kubernetes and Istio, Install Istio for Google Cloud Endpoints Services, Extending Self-Signed Certificate Lifetime, Generate Istio Metrics Without Mixer [Alpha], Understand your Mesh with Istioctl Describe, Diagnose your Configuration with Istioctl Analyze, RBAC Constraints and Properties (deprecated), ConflictingMeshGatewayVirtualServiceHosts, VirtualServiceDestinationPortSelectorRequired. Just like any other mesh configuration, authorization rules can be specified through Kubernetes CRDs. Source specifies the source of a request. Limited blast radius of perimeter breaches prevents lateral movement by attackers. Any string field in the rule supports Exact, Prefix, Suffix and Presence match: Just like with the PeerAuthentication resource, putting it in the root Istio namespace (usually istio-system), without a selector has a special effect: these rules will be enforced mesh-wide, in all namespaces. So you can apply policies regardless of the layer 7 protocol, and these will be enforced in the kernel space. Optional. For gRPC service, this should be the fully-qualified name in the form of The result works as declared on the AuthorizationPolicy file but without any mTls enabled between the pods. Zero trust security is emerging as a preferred approach for enterprises to secure both their traditional and modern, cloud-native applications. Bounding in time limits the risk of compromised credentials. This may include behavioral attributes like deviations from observed usage patterns or the state of the requesting asset like software versions installed, network location, and time/date of the request. Network location and reachability do not imply trust. question. The main networking security gaps in Kubernetes are (NIST SP 800-204B, 2.1.1): To augment Kubernetes for security, Istio acts as a security kernel in the NIST reference architecture. If multiple conditions are These policies are additive, they do not conflict, and order of evaluation is irrelevant. AuthorizationPolicies can be mesh-, namespace-, and workload-wide depending on the namespace and the spec/selector field. Istio Archive As much information as possible should be collected and used to improve security posture. The API is quite simple, it consists of a single CRD, called AuthorizationPolicy, but more on the YAML details later. https://istio.io/v1.7/docs/concepts/security/#dependency-on-mutual-tls, https://preliminary.istio.io/latest/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/tls-configuration/#auto-mtls. [Documentation] Istio Authorization Policy "principals" works without mTls. The new model simplifies configuration (one CRD instead of three), supports ingress and egress gateways, and better aligns with the Istio configuration model, as it is applied to workloads instead of services. Then at last, conditions are described in the when field and answer the when? AuthorizationPolicies on the other hand have DENY and ALLOW rules as well, that complicates things a bit, but again, allows for more flexible rules. A list of hosts, which matches to the request.host attribute. Well, it always depends on your use case. A list of methods, which matches to the request.method attribute. Encryption and strong workload identity limits reconnaissance and provides for authenticity of communication. The scope of label search is restricted to Istio Authorization Policy enables access control on workloads in the mesh. - GET method at paths of prefix /info or, Bounding in time limits the risk of compromised credentials. Optional. But so far, we havent really touched control. Hi all, Thank you for your contributions. Optional. The following authorization policy applies to workloads containing label External Authorization. This AuthorizationPolicy is applied to the catalog workload in the backyards-demo namespace, and while not explicitly specified, its an ALLOW rule, so it will deny all traffic that doesnt match the rules described here. Access requests inside an enterprise-owned or other private network must meet the same security requirements as communication from any other location. All communication should be secure, regardless of network location. The new API was introduced in Istio 1.4, and from Istio 1.6, the old API is not supported anymore. Apply any authorization policy using principals rule without mtls enabled, How was Istio installed? Istio satisfies the three requirements of a reference monitor (NIST SP 800-204B, 5.1). Also, insights gained from observing should be fed back to improve policy. the workload. When access control is enabled, the default behavior is deny (deny-by-default) If not set, any path is allowed. Optional. Weve blogged a lot about connect, even more about observe, and also had a few articles about secure. to a proxy. All communication should be encrypted. AuthorizationPolicy enables access control on workloads. Sign in Operation specifies the operations of a request. namespace, the policy applies to all namespaces in a mesh. First, lets see how are these rules enforced in Istio. Access to resources should be bounded in time. - Suffix match: abc will match on value abc and xabc. In an increasingly complex networking environment, maintaining a robust perimeter is increasingly difficult. - Prefix match: abc will match on value abc and abcd. selected. Kubernetes network policies are implemented by different networking solutions, like Calico. Another difference worth mentioning is that NetworkPolicies work in an additive, whitelist model. to your account. If you need a unified and consistent way to secure and manage services across a fleet of applications, check out Tetrate Service Bridge (TSB), our comprehensive edge-to-workload application connectivity platform built on Istio and Envoy. A list of request identities (i.e. Istio can be used to enforce access control between workloads in the service mesh using the AuthorizationPolicy custom resource. The following authorization policy applies to workloads containing label Backyards (now Cisco Service Mesh Manager) provides an Istio control panel where you can track, visualize or even manage your Istio YAML configuration. - service account cluster.local/ns/default/sa/sleep or Do you have any suggestions for improvement? A few examples are policies based on HTTP methods, URIs, or HTTP headers. If not set, any method is allowed. Sources are specified in the from field, and answer the who? In most cases the when field can be omitted, its usually only used in complex scenarios, but it can be used to further customize request matching with a list of supported Istio attributes. A list of source peer identities (i.e. matches to the source.principal attribute. Optional. As Kubernetes is primarily focused on orchestration, resource management, and basic connectivity, it leaves zero trust networking security concerns to be addressed by other parties. Istio Authorization can be used to enforce access control rules between workloads. These solutions are running a controller thats watching NetworkPolicies, and configures the underlying networking layer accordingly. Frequent policy evaluation. A NetworkPolicy cannot do these, because these concepts are unknown at the network and transport layers. Already on GitHub? Rule allows access from a list of sources to perform a list of operations when The dynamic context of the access request should be part of the access decision. In a zero trust network, every resource is protected internally as if it were exposed to the open internet. The control plane on the other hand is accepting user configuration through CRDs, and - among a few other things - transforms these CRDs to Envoy configuration and delivers it to the proxies. when the request has a valid JWT token issued by https://accounts.google.com. In the standard, NIST establishes a reference platform consisting of Kubernetes for orchestration and resource management with the Istio service mesh to provide the core security features. If youre looking for a migration path, Id recommend to read the official blog post. So for example notNamespaces: default would match sources from all namespaces, except from default. question. The namespace of the resource determines the namespace where the rules will be enforced. See the full list of supported attributes. Then Envoy returns the result, either ALLOW or DENY. attribute. As a companion to NISTs standards for zero trust architecture in general, NIST has also published standards for how to apply zero trust principles specifically to microservices applications. Those standards, co-written by Tetrate founding engineer Zack Butcher, are codified in NISTs SP 800-204 series. Access control is enabled on a workload if there is any authorization policies selecting /package.service/method. Istio uses mutual TLS to securely pass some information . Tetrate Enterprise ready service mesh, SP 800-207 on zero trust architecture in general, SP 800-204 series on security standards for microservices, mTLS and associated secure workload identities as a best practice for service-to-service communication, read Zack Butchers Zero Trust Architecture white paper, Tetrates Guide to Federal Security Requirements for Microservices, Lack of a built-in certificate management mechanism needed to enforce TLS between pods, Lack of an identity and access management mechanism, Firewall policy that operates at OSI L3, but not L7 and, therefore, unable to peek into data packets or to make metadata-driven decisions. workload instance info such as labels attached to the pod/VM, or any other info Architecture Istio Authorization can be . - Presence match: * will match when value is not empty. Have a question about this project? Istio is: The Envoy data plane provides reference monitors by way of non-bypassable policy enforcement points (PEPs) in front of each service and at each ingress and egress gateway. Lets take a look at the operation field as well: along methods, valid matchers are hosts, ports, paths and their exclusion pairs, like notHosts. The name of an Istio attribute. By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and Please see this wiki page for more information. Access to resources should be bounded in space. label selector app: httpbin, version: v1. For an in-depth guide to NISTs security recommendations and how Tetrate can help you implement the standard, check out Tetrates Guide to Federal Security Requirements for Microservices. When no AuthorizationPolicies select a workload, all requests are allowed. In the example, the source is a principal, but it can be requestPrincipals, namespaces or ipBlocks as well. Rules are built of three parts: sources, operations and conditions. Mutual TLS must be enabled before using any of the following fields in the authorization policy: Reference: https://istio.io/v1.7/docs/concepts/security/#dependency-on-mutual-tls, The point is, we apply this configuration bellow and the AuthorizationPolicy is working without mTls enabled. The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: mTLS is enabled between sidecars where possible by default: https://preliminary.istio.io/latest/docs/ops/configuration/traffic-management/tls-configuration/#auto-mtls. Similarly to telemetry and traffic management, the real deal happens in the data plane. Bounding in time with dynamic policy enforcement on short-lived sessions ensures authorization is based on up-to-date policy. Bug description Shows how to integrate and delegate access control to an external authorization system. Authorization policy supports CUSTOM, DENY and ALLOW actions for access control. It must be explicitly authenticated and authorized as well. Operation specifies the operation of a request. Unlike perimeter security, access to a service is not granted solely because that service is reachable. All checks are performed runtime by the Envoy proxys authorization engine. Workload selector decides where to apply the authorization policy. question. (Assuming the root namespace is A list of IP blocks, which matches to the source.ip attribute.
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