108. Since the neutral pH of the hydroquinone composition with sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, the pH is acceptable for also including retinoids in the composition. The combined nearly ideal binary solvent (NIBS)-Redlich-Kister equation is . It is understood that while the invention has been described in conjunction with the detailed description thereof, that the foregoing description is intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the scope of the appended claims. Hydroquinone is considered to be readily biodegrable and photodegradable. application/pdf P, Kind code of ref document: This invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment of pigmentation disorders, including hyperpigmentation and vitiligo. 38, 40814091 (1999), J. Qingzhu, M. Peisheng, Y. Shouzhi, W. Qiang, W. Chang, L. Guiju, J. Chem. Other aspects, advantages, and modifications are evident from a review of the following claims. As utilized herein, the inhibition of the retinoid oxidation should be sufficient to prohibit browning of the composition for its shelf life, preferably greater than about six months, more preferably greater than about twelve months, and most preferably greater than about eighteen months. [21][25][23] NTP evaluation showed some evidence of long-term carcinogenic and genotoxic effects[26], While hydroquinone remains widely prescribed for treatment of hyperpigmentation, questions raised about its safety profile by regulatory agencies in the EU, Japan, and USA encourage the search for other agents with comparable efficacy. INCI HydroquinoneEastman Hydroquinone, USP is a skin care ingredient used to produce effective skin- lightening applications for depigmentation. Hydrogen peroxide is used and the reaction gives a mixture of hydroquinone and catechol: An accessible route involves the reaction of sodium hydroxide with 1,4-dichlorobenzene. Hydroquinone IS a white crystalline substance when pure and is highly soluble in water. 0000000807 00000 n Place water in container then bring the temperature to 15c in a boil bath then add products at this point when youre making the lotion u will need to add the other ingredients. This complex dissolves in hot water, where the two molecules dissociate in solution. Eastman Hydroquinone, USP Grade is for skin-lightening products to address hyperpigmentation. Keywords: D-170D; D-170; D170D; D170 Created Date It is moderately soluble in water and highly soluble in alcohol. Solubility: Moderately soluble in water, glycerin, propylene glycol, and highly soluble in ethanol Features & Benefits Can work in conjunction with glycolic acid to help reduce pigment in melasma Non-GMO Extremely low vapor pressure USP Grade European Pharma Grade Drug master file available upon request Applications Eng. M1 and M2 microemulsions contain ethanol as co-surfactant. Human exposure to hydroquinone can occur by dietary, occupational, and environmental sources. Since hydroquinone has a tendency to discolor through oxidation, these antioxidants are used because they have greater tendencies to oxidize than hydroquinone. NR 1L~tyj|ZZ3]jFlszH#bd]="nVj =rBF-=Y?Pe 3(\[3;wR-+7Fn ~pSQ(Rpiw^zYr''t@\vobE]u'C}io0q;^k5C@|zZNNA>,XOrztV;qO*w:MC$OI\_$Io 'v [ 338, 217223 (2013), S. H. Ali, F. S. Al-Mutairi, M. A. Fahim, Fluid Phase Equilib. Thus, merely adding one retinoid to a hydroquinone composition would result in instability and/or discoloration, and adding hydroquinone to a retinoid product would have a similar result. In the environment, hydroquinone showed increased toxicity for aquatic organisms, being less harmful for bacteria and fungi. Have an order or account question, find answers in our Online Support articles. [Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O, trimethyl-[phenyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silyl]oxysilane, C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](O[Si](C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1, C\C(=C/C=O)\C=C\C=C(\C=C\C1=C(CCCC1(C)C)C)/C, 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC, 2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-dodecoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol, C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1, O=C1C(=O)C(C2=CNC3=C(C(C(=O)C4=C32)=O)C)=C2C4=CNC2=C1C, [Na+].[Na+].[Na+]. The FDA had classified hydroquinone in 1982 as a safe product - generally recognized as safe and effective (GRASE), however additional studies under the National Toxicology Program (NTP) were suggested in order to determine whether there is a risk to humans from the use of hydroquinone. 0000085850 00000 n [31], Hydroquinones are one of the two primary reagents in the defensive glands of bombardier beetles, along with hydrogen peroxide (and perhaps other compounds, depending on the species), which collect in a reservoir. Part of Springer Nature. uuid:3780f5dc-b322-4e29-9b1d-4c4d10b1e282 Glycerol derivatives solubilise natural, hydrophilic antioxidants in biofuels. The Beaver: Its Life and Impact. A specific embodiment of the invention is listed in the following table. 132, 165172 (2018), X. Li, Q. Yin, W. Chen, J. Wang, J. Chem. SAS Anti-ox booster 1% 0.3g. COMMON BRAND NAME (S): Aclaro, Aclaro PD, Alera, Alphaquin HP, Alustra, Claripel, Complex B . Chem. Although about 0.01% sodium metabisulfite without magnesium ascorbyl phosphate may not color stabilize an about 4% hydroquinone composition, and about 0.5% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate without sodium metabisulfite may not either, the combination of sodium metabisulfite and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate in these percentages is effective to stabilize the color of the about 1% to about 12%, about 2% to about 10%, preferably about 2% to about 8% and more preferably about 3% to about 4% and most preferably 4% hydroquinone composition. International Journal of Thermophysics Anal. You can expect to hear back from a ChemPoint product specialist within 1 business hour. Eng. Place an order online, track your orders, download SDS and TDS, and see your quotes, all in one secure place. 88, 161164 (2010), J. Delgado, Int. 43, 13111316 (2007), J. Qing-Zhu, M. Pei-Sheng, Z. Huan, X. Shu-Qian, W. Qiang, Q. Yan, Fluid Phase Equilib. 2y.-;!KZ ^i"L0- @8(r;q7Ly&Qq4j|9 At 40C, 4% hydroquinone compositions are more likely to excessively discolor and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate helps to stabilize the color, by preventing the brownish black discoloration and maintaining an amber color. Hydroquinone can be made through several routes. All Rights Reserved, View All Eastman Hydroquinone USP Articles. The document was not able to download due to an unknown error. Then take the water and put the measurement into the microwave until boiled. HYdroquinone can be found in various skin care products. Preparation, optimization and in vivo. x- [ 0}y)7ta>jT7@t`q2&6ZL?_yxg)zLU*uSkSeO4?c. R -25 S>Vd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9 =-tl`;~p Gp| [`L` "AYA+Cb(R, *T2B- The obtained results show that the . endstream endobj 382 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -558 -307 2034 1026 ] /FontName /BCGJCE+TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 160 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 389 0 R >> endobj 383 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 181 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 278 333 333 500 0 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 333 333 0 570 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 667 611 778 778 389 500 778 667 944 722 778 611 778 722 556 667 722 722 1000 722 722 0 333 0 333 0 0 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 333 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 576 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /BCGJCE+TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 382 0 R >> endobj 384 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 929 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -249 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -184 -249 1037 929 ] /FontName /BCGKAB+ImprintMT-Shadow /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 390 0 R >> endobj 385 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 122 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 323 323 0 0 0 375 240 0 510 427 510 510 0 510 0 510 510 510 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 729 0 729 0 698 0 0 854 0 0 0 0 927 802 813 0 0 0 604 0 0 0 0 802 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 448 552 0 552 448 0 0 573 271 0 0 271 875 573 500 0 552 375 0 323 573 0 0 0 500 448 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /BCGKAB+ImprintMT-Shadow /FontDescriptor 384 0 R >> endobj 386 0 obj << /N 3 /Alternate /DeviceRGB /Length 2575 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream [24], Numerous studies have revealed that hydroquinone, if taken orally, can cause exogenous ochronosis, a disfiguring disease in which blue-black pigments are deposited onto the skin; however, skin preparations containing the ingredient are administered topically. Sodium metabisulfite has the added advantage that it does not discolor by oxidation. Some documentation and label information may refer to the legacy brand. Read our Privacy Notice. Eastman has active ingredients, thickeners, plasticizers, film formers, and more for your personal care formulations. 109. 0000002585 00000 n An improvement in the color stability of the 4% hydroquinone compositions is seen at and above 2.0% magnesium ascorbyl phosphate in the 6-7 pH range. I've been presented with the problem of trying to dissolve Hydroquinone in a solvent other than water. 322, 4855 (2012), K. Tamura, T. Kasuga, T. Nakagawa, Fluid Phase Equilib. I did that by using 1 cup of cream, 4tbsp of hydroquinone and 4tbsp of water or solvent. Toughness of the polymer increases due to the presence of flexible units in the backbone such as long chain diols (e.g., diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol) or long chain saturated acids (e.g., adipic . STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN. Environ. The solubility was increased by addition of ethanol, reached a maximum . 114, 175188 (1996), I. Hahnenkamp, G. Graubner, J. Gmehling, Int. Azelaic acid (AzA) is a organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH 2) 7 COOH. "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_&#(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel }}Cq9 115, 22772285 (2014), Article 2 Liquid phase only; silicon dioxide remains as a residue in these solvents. In the United States, the most commonly used treatment for hyperpigmentation is 1,4-benzenediol, which is known as hydroquinone. Forms of retinoids have been developed wherein the retinoid is protected by a protective system. Some products also contain sunscreens. Data 53, 199200 (2008), N. Sunsandee, S. Suren, N. Leepipatpiboon, M. Hronec, U. Pancharoen, Fluid Phase Equilib. We have discovered that a hydroquinone composition (with about 1 to about 12% hydroquinone, preferably with about 2% to about 10%, more preferably with about 2% to about 8%, more preferably with about 2% to about 4%, most preferably with about 3% to about 4% hydroquinone) with preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5, can include cationic salts of acidic ascorbyl esters, preferably sodium ascorbyl phosphate, more preferably aminopropyl ascorbyl phosphate, most preferably magnesium ascorbyl phosphate as an antioxidant and the color destabilization problems are appreciably less as compared to hydroquinone compositions without such a cationic salt of acidic ascorbyl esters in the neutral pH range: preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 8.0, more preferably a pH of from about 5.5 to about 7.5, and most preferably at a pH of from about 6.0 to about 7.5. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, Hydroquinone oxidation with V2O5/NaClO3/H2SO4, http://www.sciencemadness.org/smwiki/index.php?title=Hydroquinone&oldid=11523, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, GNU Free Documentation License 1.3 or later. It is a reducing agent that is reversibly oxidized to semiquinone and quinone. HYDROQUINONE (hahy droh kwi NOHN) is applied to the the skin to lighten areas that have darkened. We apologize! https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02750-4, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-020-02750-4. Phase A is added to the tank, which is held at a temperature of from about 70 to about 75 C, and in which a CO. 0000002379 00000 n N')].uJr Chem. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. 38, 565571 (2006), K. Carlsson, B. Karlberg, Anal. 65, 5786 (1998), Y.-H. Zhang, Trends Analyt. It is soluble in water. Methods and products for nucleic acid production and delivery, Nucleic acid product and its administration method, Nucleic acid product and method of administration thereof, Compositions and systems for the treatment of hyperpigmentation, Methods for prevention of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, Skin care compositions containing retinoids, Improved method for stability of ageing comprising thirosinase inhibitor activity, Use of ascorbic acid to reduce irritation of topically applied active ingredients, COSMETIC COMPOSITIONS WITH ANTIMICOTIC PROPERTIES, EFFECTIVE AGAINST PSORIASIS AND HAIR LOSS AND COSMETIC METHOD FOR, Treatment or prevention of undesired skin pigmentation, Skin care compositions and method of improving skin appearance, Ultrasound enhancement of percutaneous drug absorption, Skin whiteners containing hydroxytetronic acid, Stabilized retinoid-containing skin care compositions, Retinoid compositions containing a water soluble antioxidant and a chelator, Composition and method for treating rosacea and sensitive skin with free radical scavengers, Skin care compositions containing imidazoles and retinoids, Stable compositions containing a retinoid and an enzyme based antioxidant system, Self-tanning compositions containing dha and propolis extract, Composition and process for stabilizing oxygen-unstable species, Bleaching preparation and cosmetic for preventing and improving aging of skin, Composition and method for the treatment of pigmentation disorders, Composition for cosmetic or pharmaceutical use, Remedies for pigmentation and melanocyte proliferation inhibitors, Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase, Divisional application: reference to earlier application, Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent. nQt}MA0alSx k&^>0|>_',G! Hydroquinone can lose a hydrogen cation from both hydroxyl groups to form a diphenolate ion. 230, 176183 (2005), A. Apelblat, E. Manzurola, N. A. Balal, J. Chem. Chem. Then add it to the ingredients. S.C. Gad, T. Pham, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), 2014 Environmental Fate and Behavior. Airborne hydroquinone may be oxidized to quinone at ordinary . The solubilities in binary and ternary systems of hydroquinone (1,4-dihydroxybenzene) and p-quinone (1,4-benzoquinone) in supercritical carbon dioxide were measured in the pressure range 10.0 to 35.0 MPa at temperatures of 333, 348 and 363 K.In binary systems, the solubility of hydroquinone was three orders of magnitude lower than that of p-quinone. G(DC:!c?5w [QDP, f\01j&8ea]Ke~z d _5H^j0M.|Y^bYb[Rm~-[ImSv. ;4kNNw?r yn^EOwCDyd>_?TU^vyss*|g9A1 avr 2o~molpb|CZTu(70 CKRu)(5O_^6|Qta', uG70]'vt|n3Xh[vMTc.{o0Y#(O5\/mGfI+L0~1E1~hi:ZY_W6n*EaSn*R+I)Pw|y\^/te;yO. J. Pharm. Phase A: Dissolve L-Ascorbic Acid in distilled water via agitation and gentle heating (warm, never hot or you will denature the ascorbic acid). Re: How to dissolve Hydroquinone to make 4 oz. Formula of hydroquinone is . In hydroquinone and sodium metabisulfite compositions, it is believed that the sodium metabisulfite oxidizes first and delays the start of any oxidation of the hydroquinone, so that excessive discoloration is delayed or totally avoided. uuid:a150f3fd-7f22-4439-aa26-6f445f4017e5 and our Heat Mass Transf. I can't use water because I cannot dissolve enough Hydroquinone into it to reach the desired concentration. These phases (described below) are combined in a mixing tank with an in-line homogenizer as follows. Antioxidants in the hydroquinone phase are instrumental in stabilizing the color of the hydroquinone composition. This Thermo Scientific Chemicals brand product was originally part of the Acros Organics product portfolio.
7v7 Football Tournaments 2021,
Sunny'' Balwani Death,
Articles H