Of course, it is critical to have situational awareness, even in generally safe areas. Should we not go to the same grocery store or market? didnt mean to do that and were very happy once we got back to the RV! While driving in cities like Tijuana, watch out for dogs crossing the road. Its not entirely clear who owns the bars in Zona Norte, but the cartel or gangs likely exercise strict control over the place. The people of Baja were warm and inviting and very family oriented. Description. 1904 Baja California Postal Route Map. The most dangerous thing in (ta && ta.queueForLoad ? This is the version of our website addressed to speakers of English in the United States. In addition, you will notice more potholes and poorer road conditions than in San Diego, so drive slowly. Here are answers to some of the most common questions we see from our readers about staying safe in Baja California. Its improbable that you will be a kidnapping victim, asmost victimsare not foreigners but Mexican nationals, but its essential not to wander around alone at night. Note that travel advisory warnings change all the time. This area, without a doubt, is one of Baja's most beautiful areas. Like I said not afraid just wondering. Camarillo, 93010 Crime Rates and Crime Statistics - NeighborhoodScout Custom Analytics to Invest, Appraise, or Finance Real Estate REPORTS MATCH CREATE Investor Grade Analytics For Every Location NeighborhoodScout's exclusive condition, trend, and forecasting data empowers professionals to: Uncover Opportunity Mitigate Risk Invest Wisely The entire area is seedy, and bad things can go down quickly. Baja California, also called Baja California Norte, estado (state), northwestern Mexico, bounded to the north by the United States ( California and Arizona), to the east by the state of Sonora and the Gulf of California (Sea of Cortez), to the west by the Pacific Ocean, and to the south by the state of Baja California Sur. However, look for a place popular with locals and tourists, as the ingredients will be fresher. Most earthquakes are, fortunately, low-magnitude earthquakes, so you are unlikely to experience harm. Its important that you always have extra supplies just in case things take longer than expected! Personalisierte Inhalte und Werbung knnen auch relevantere Ergebnisse, Empfehlungen und individuelle Werbung enthalten, die auf frheren Aktivitten in diesem Browser, etwa Suchanfragen bei Google, beruhen. According to the Citizen Council for Public Security and Criminal Justice AC, the rearrangement and the dispute of the cartels by the areas of the state, brought the municipality of Playas de Rosarito, Baja California, to first place in the list of the most violent sites in Mexico. Dont get me wrong, that doesnt mean we werent aware we are in another country or that we threw caution to the wind. These travel maps of Baja California are great for reference and normal vacation planning, but should not be used for serious navigational purposes like offroading. Privacy Policy. See our Baja Safety page for more information. Great tips for the hot summers. Baja Mar is beautiful. . Armed muggings can also occur at traffic lights, even in busy cities. An official website of the United States government. Were going to Baja California [to deal with] the security issue and well report [from] there, Lpez Obrador told his Monday morning press conference. A sign on a Baja California Police station. Rosarito and Tijuana are in the same built-up area according to most experts. San Jose del Cabo Map. Always check theCDCs travel noticesfor warnings about hurricanes, Zika, and other diseases and natural disasters. I lived 1 block from Zona Norte on Calle 2da and constitution for 8 years. At one point I thought, Man, I will be so happy once we cross back into the US . Los Barriles - small town on the Sea of Cortez coast, not far from San Jose del Cabo and Cabo San Lucas. 1998 - 2023 Nexstar Media Inc. | All Rights Reserved. Safety is a top concern for many female travelers. Another problem is TJ's violence being overstated. [Maps of the Baja California peninsula from approximately 163. Some tracks may be unsafe, while others may present no issues. Why did this happen? Flag taxis from the street; take Uber or Didi instead. 21 Fun Things To Do In Port St Joe Florida, 17+ Fun Things To Do In Philadelphia With Kids [Plus 1 day Itinerary], Best Hikes In Canyonlands National Park [Maps Included]. So travel with a lot of water and make sure your vehicle is ok to handle the heat, engine coolant, and air conditioning. The first few times I saw them I didnt feel right about it. Is Baja California Safe in 2023? Many drivers may not even have a valid license. However, its not a safe area. Its an issue of narcomenudeo [small-scale drug trafficking] on [street] corners, one official said. In general, you might want to avoid Tijuana altogether. September 11, 2020. But beyond that it is very safe. Theyre fighting for the streets and corners of different neighborhoods, the unnamed officials said, naming Snchez Taboada which has been described as the most dangerous neighborhood in Tijuana as a hotspot. Drivers in Mexico dont always follow road rules like in the United States. How to get to Primo Tapia? During the daytime, its mostly safe. How Awful Are Baja Mexico Roads? are not foreigners but Mexican nationals, but its essential not to wander around alone at night. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. It is 40 kilometers wide at the narrowest section close to La Paz, Baja California Sur, and 320 kilometers wide at the widest point. The 2019 study details that the bloody incidents have created a negative image of the tourist gem, which has a . Odds are they will help you the best they can. As always, watch out for pickpockets and be careful when walking alone at night. Stats show eight people are killed in a "violent manner" every day in the state directly south of California.. Many people interested in visiting often wonder about crime. However, it does have cartel activity, and crime is also a risk. We do not consider Tijuana to be a safe place to visit at this time. The news frequently highlights violence, drug cartels, and kidnappings in Mexico. Thank you so much! So don't complain. Travellers Worldwide is reader-supported. Wherever you stay, ask your hotel receptionist or Airbnb host about which areas are safe to visit. Despite that, they dont usually cause trouble for tourists. While it may not be first in every category, the designation is based on cumulative stats. However, is Baja California safe for tourists, both single tourists and families? The only way to get in trouble. is to look for some. Baja California is safe to travel to with a moderate level of crime. Crime in Baja California typically falls into one of two categories: cartel activity and thievery. October 6, 2020: View of poor area of Tijuana Mexico with buildings on hill and traffic in foreground/Manuela Durson/Shutterstock. We are looking to rent a condo close to the beach and possibly get them into a Spanish speaking preschool to expose them to Spanish. The US State Department gives Baja California Sur a Level 2 Exercise Increased Caution travel advisory, compared to the Level 3 Reconsider Travel advisory it gives to Baja California. Dont let the cheery colors confuse you they paint the houses those colors to make those areas look more welcoming. La Paz is the state capital of Baja California Sur (BCS). They crossed the border at 4:30 a.m. and preceded toward the toll road, driving along the well-worn road that hugs the border and then climbs the steep hill toward the Tijuana beaches, the bullring and coastal destinations further south. If you plan on going off the big roads and highways, we suggest using more detailed maps of Baja California. Differences between prisons in Mexico and those in the United States. You may encounter one of the 4 or 5 military checkpoints along the road while you are in Baja. John, you felt unsafe, but no one hurt you, right? Baja California, meaning Lower California, is right below California on the other side of the border. The safest areas remain Ensanada, Rosarito, and Guadalupe Valley. If you're counting on the US government to tell you what's safe, and what's not safe, you would never leave your home. Have a great time! Alamo Rent a Car. By a simple count ignoring population, more crimes occur in the southeast parts of California: about 58,626 per year. The 15 Best Hotels in Hawaii in 2023 | For All Budgets, The 15 Best Places to Visit in Hawaii in 2023, Is Hawaii Safe to Visit in 2023? According to Baja California officials Saturday morning, 24 incidents had been confirmed across the state. The Valle de Guadalupe (Guadalupe Valley) in Baja California features many wineries and restaurants. On the other hand, amongthe states that ask not to visit due to crimeare Colima, Guerrero, Michoacn, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas. This whole form is specific to signing up for newsletter, therefore their approval for newsletter signup is auto-approved. Its a very safe area, but public transport isnt always available. The local police and Federalies are out patrolling the cities and highways. Still, much more needs to be done to pacify the state. However, not all doctors are professional or good at what they do. Baja California is relatively safe for US tourists, as evidenced by the large numbers of travelers who cross the border by car or on foot. Therefore, arranging private transportation is critical before visiting wineries in Guadalupe Valley. It has magnificent resorts, endless sunshine, and robust party life. As in many Latin American cities, youll notice neighborhoods on the hills surrounding the cities, which often feature colorful houses. Its best to avoid Ensenadas red light district as well. Ensenada has a port that accepts cruise ships, navy base, army base, and Ensenada Airport. One of the reasons the State Department increased Baja Californias advisory to a Level 3 warning was the arrest of a cartel leader, which led to increased violence between cartels and the police, according to the. The new 60-unit-fleet will reduce 7,500 tons of carbon dioxide per year, said head of the capital's Mobility Ministry, Andrs Lajous. La Paz Map My 18yr old son just left with his girlfriend to stay there for a week. BCS has the longest coastline of any of the Mexican states with an impressive 1,243 miles. Remain calm and comply with any searches or inspections that they carry out. Baja California is the state with the most auto theft in the country with almost 1,900 cars stolen from January through August. Rosarito is generally safe, but crime can still occur. They may demand bribes for traffic violations whether or not you actually violated any law. They are shown in red on the map above. Sofern relevant, verwenden wir Cookies und Daten auerdem, um Inhalte und Werbung altersgerecht zu gestalten. Cabo San Lucas is also a favorite destination for bachelorette parties and girls getaways. In full disclosure when we crossed the border I had a stomach ache and that stomachache did not go away as we drove the 2 +hours to San Felipe. Finally, earthquakes may occur from time to time as well. Be sure to use a GPS on your phone or in your car if for whatever reason your map is unreliable or cannot be found! I just read your article regarding traveling the Baja with kids. Whale Watching and Yachting in Cabo San Lucas! Do you think Tesla's investment will signal a shift towards more renewable energy in Mexico. Daten zu Zielgruppeninteraktionen und Websitestatistiken zu erheben. Details about the governments security plan are expected to be announced at a press conference on Saturday. The east side of the city is another area to avoid. SEE ALSO: Mexico News and Profiles If you want to see the world, go see it! Instead we enjoyed everything else about the cities. Various cartel groups and gangs often fight for turf, leading to shootings and deaths. Wenn Sie Alle ablehnen auswhlen, verwenden wir Cookies nicht fr diese zustzlichen Zwecke. Dangers on the road come in two forms. ta.queueForLoad : function(f, g){document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', f);})(function(){ta.trackEventOnPage('postLinkInline', 'impression', 'postLinks-111088467', '');}, 'log_autolink_impression');Cabo is 5 margaritas and a timeshare salesman! He always went with them and I stayed with the kids in the car. These informal settlements frequently have increased gang activity and high poverty levels, making them unsafe for Americans to wander around alone. You're not guaranteed tomorrow, and, often times, you can buy an international plane ticket for less than a domestic one. Watching Out for Earthquakes, Hurricanes, and Diseases, Both earthquakes and hurricanes can occur in Mexico, according to the, There is also a risk of Zika virus along the coast, according to. They were quick to say hello on the streets with a warm smile. Before I continue, its important to distinguish between Baja California and Baja California Sur. We hope that you find these tips helpful on your travels. 1886 Baja California Map. Take a look at these c ar rental services in Loreto. The travel maps of Baja California below are as accurate and up to date as possible. There are 6,238 inhabitants. As Mexican national guard troops patrolled the streets of Tijuana and cruise lines canceled dockings in Ensenada over fears of violence, Baja California residents struggled Sunday to return to. While they dont usually target tourists specifically, tourists may get caught up in cartel violence and shootouts between the police and cartels. Even though how safe is Loreto Mexico to drive depends on you exercising caution and staying alert, navigating traffic in this small town makes exploring the Baja Peninsula easy. RENTAL CAR SERVICES. Cabos crime advisory. Ect. Look out for crumbling missions, date palms, coconuts and mangrove swamps as you meander southward. Various illegal activities occur near the border, and you never know what youll bump into. We are going to travel to Cabo soon, and I was surprised to see Cabo San Lucas on some travel sites, number one of 10 of tourist places with more crime in Mexico, and on the travel gov site the advisory for reconsider travel to Baja California due to crime and kidnapping ( no advisory some time ago). 3 Beds. Baha de los ngeles ("Bay of the Angels") is a coastal bay on the Gulf of California, located along the eastern shore of the Baja California Peninsula in the state of Baja California, Mexico. Good call on cities being classified by municipal borders not urban which is how you're meant to do it. Just know that the summer months are hot and prepare for the heat. While most homicides appear targeted, criminal organization assassinations and turf battles have occurred in areas U.S. citizens frequent. Population. Various cartel groups and gangs often fight for turf, leading to shootings and deaths. Just like we would do in Chicago or another city back in the States. Its worth paying a bit more for a doctor, plastic surgeon, or dentist who has good reviews and recommendations from other foreigners and who speaks English. I've lived in both rosrito and TJ me again. Theyre trying to prevent problems and I think the guns on display really help with that. R-CAPTCHA. Another big reason not to drive at night is because cows migrate to the roads at night. Road signs and markings may be missing or not well organized. Cerritos is one of Baja California Sur's top surfing beaches, especially from November through April. Not always. The pristine blue waters of the Sea of Cortez create the perfect backdrop for any kind of getaway. As above also I lived in TJ off cahollia in Zona Norta I've seen one murder heard shootings often.But Never asualted ECT. Criminal Justice Information Services Division, FBI.gov is an official site of the U.S. Department of Justice. oh man, what were we getting our family into. Watch out for drivers who are speeding or driving while drunk. The competing cartel cells are mainly selling methamphetamine on the streets, the officials said, although drugs such as cocaine and heroin are also available. If you are a resident of another country or region, please select the appropriate version of Tripadvisor for your country or region in the drop-down menu. Much of the BCS population lives in either La Paz or combined cities of Cabo San Lucas and San Jose known as Los Cabos. While they dont usually target tourists specifically, tourists may get caught up in cartel violence and shootouts between the police and cartels. Tourists should also be wary of scams on taxis and rideshare vehicles. Although, we would probably not hesitate to visit Rosarito Beach (45 min. Thank you so much for your information. Baja California (Spanish pronunciation: [baxa kalifonja] (); 'Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California), is a state in Mexico.It is the northernmost and westernmost of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. Welcome to Los Cabos. 1905 Mines and Roads Map of Northern Baja California, Standard Zoom. The state ranked second in per capita homicides with just 1.86 per 100,000 citizens. Just like in any city, we figured it would make sense to be back by our RV by 9pm every night. Add data for Tijuana Crime 0 120 71.79 Crime rates in Tijuana, Mexico Safety in Tijuana, Mexico Contributors: 146 Last update: February 2023 These data are based on perceptions of visitors of this website in the past 3 years. A research team from the University of Guadalajara is racing to save the famed islands' Giant Daisy Tree from extinction from blackberries. Think random potholes and topes (speed bumps). Stay in a secure hotel, hostel, or Airbnb instead of camping on the beach. Finally, avoid wandering around near the border except for the. Baja California Sur had the lowest number of homicides in the nation with just 15. The town of the same name is located at the east end of Federal . Photo: Cvmontuy, CC BY-SA 4.0. #101-102 San Diego, CA 92111 800-727-BAJA (2252) ask@discoverbaja.com If you live in Chicago, you know where to go and, more importantly, where not to go. Prostitution is legal in Zona Norte, but the area is unsafe. We stayed at an amazing RV park and went into town and felt so welcome by all of the people that lived and worked there. A Baja California crime investigator documents the scene where a taxi driver was gunned down on a street corner in El Florido in eastern Tijuana. North Baja Map (Detailed) 2. Baha de los ngeles. Millions of tourists visit the area each year without incident. What is your reference for the dangerous conditions in (ta && ta.queueForLoad ? Copyright 2009-2023 Numbeo. Overall, Cabo San Lucas is a safe destination for millions of people who visit. Since 1995, Benchmark Maps has been driving and mapping the American West, publishing award-winning recreation maps and atlases. Swim in choppy waters or when there is a warning flag. 3 Baths. But reading ithus helped me a lot. The safest parts of city are the downtown and Playas de Tijuana. They are really only looking for transports of illegal items. The U.S. Department of State recently issued a travel warning for Americans planning of visiting either Tijuana or Baja California in Mexico due to a rise in crime and kidnappings. Some prostitutes may drug and rob men who visit them, and thieves may operate in the area. To feel even safer we suggest that you drive even further south to El Rosario (5 to 6 hours south of the border), Catavia, (7 to 8 hours south of the border), or even Guerrero Negro (10 to 11 hours south of the border) in Baja California Sur. y edo. The Valle de Guadalupe (Guadalupe Valley) in Baja California features many wineries and restaurants. | Travel Tips & Safety Concerns, Is Pittsburgh Safe in 2023? Police officers guard a crime scene where a man was killed by gun fire in downtown Tijuana, Baja California state, Mexico, on April 21, 2019. Here is our YouTube Playlist on our time in Baja: 53+ Amazing Things To Do In Baja California, How To Prepare For A Badass Baja California Road Trip, The Secret to the Best Baja Internet To Keep You Online. Due to its proximity to the border, Tijuana and its surroundings are hotspots of cartel activity. Some people even rent or buy camper vans and sleep on the road. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. We are also a member of several other affiliate networks. Time: 2023-02-20T18:36:19+00:00. You will need clothes that breathe well and a good full coverage hat. Twenty eight vehicles were damaged including 17 in Tijuana, three in Rosarito, two in Tecate, four in Ensenada, two in Mexicali. has released a Level 3 Reconsider Travel advisory for Baja California state. A way to avoid this problem is to call the hotel ahead of time to help with arranging transportation. Now that we have been there and traveled from the bottom of Baja to the top on our own (no caravan) on the way back to the States I do not think you have to caravan to go down to Baja. The most common trouble Americans will face in Baja California is petty crime. if (d.getElementById(id)) return;
Baja California Sur is the safest state in all of Mxico and you may travel at your leisure from here on out. We met a lot of families who were down here on their own and were totally fine. U.S. officials did not confirm the name of the alleged cartel leader whose arrest prompted the security alert. Even if your GPS app suggests a better route, remember that it may not be safer, so try not to go off the main road too much. Also, like Tijuana, Ensenada has a Zona de Tolerancia a tolerance zone where prostitution is legal. CLICK HERE TO CONTACT OUR VILLA SPECIALISTS TODAY, Transpeninsular Km 3.5 #706 Patio La Luna, El Tezal, Copyright 2009 - 2023 All rights reserved by Cabo Platinum. Many travelers visit the red light district of Tijuana to hire prostitutes, visit massage parlors, or simply enjoy a drink at one of the many lady bars or strip clubs in the area. I have the same thoughts as all of you. There have been more than 2,500 homicides in the state this year. Due to it being on the border, various malicious actors are present, which only increases crime levels. They noted that drug dealers sometimes change allegiances and start working for a different criminal company.. Many Americans drive down from San Diego or other California cities and make a road trip to Baja California. Since we have young kids, this wasnt a problem, and most of the places we visited, we felt comfortable being out after dark. Mexico Crime Map - El Crimen Map of homicides in Mexico from February 2022 to January 2023 0 432.9 The color of the circles corresponds to the homicide rate and the size to the number of homicide reports (which may refer to more than one victim). Mexico News Daily - Property of Tavana LLC. Baja California, No. One of the main draws of Baja California Sur is the ocean. These data are based on perceptions of visitors of this website in the past 3 years. In Baja California, the murder rate this year is 73 per 100,000 residents so far. The Baja California peninsula consists of two states, Baja California to the north and Baja California Sur at the lower end of the peninsula. The town of Primo Tapia is located in the Municipality of Playas de Rosarito (in the State of Baja California). Dont stop to sleep in sketchy areas as well. Dont be afraid to grab extra gas, food, and other items as they may be unavailable ahead. Each map will provide you with a good visual guide to the Baja Peninsula. Thank you for the responses. Cells of the Sinaloa Cartel and the Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG) are engaged in a turf war over drug dealing locations in Tijuana and other cities, according to state security officials who spoke with the newspaper Milenio. Discover Baja Travel Club 8322 Clairemont Mesa Blvd. Is Driving Even Possible? Is Afghanistan Safe in 2023? Police forces along these border communities claim that the rise in violent crimes in . The Baja Peninsula is broken up into two states, Baja California and Baja California Sur. The U.S. State Department has labeled the city of Tijuana as being a critical threat location for crime directed at or affecting official U.S. government interests. Mexico : Safety by City. The 25,000-sq-km Reserva de la Biosfera El Vizcano is one of . Read More Punta Pescadero. Cabo San Lucas Map It just means we saw how amazing the people are in Baja and how unfounded our fears were. var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
Be wary of any calls asking for payment. It also advises you to always stick to the main roads and highways. The statistics for this figure are derived from Table 4. They are a part of the Mexican Governments attempt to deter and prevent crime in the area. located southeast of Ensenada in the northern border state of Baja California, . Whlen Sie Weitere Optionen aus, um sich zustzliche Informationen anzusehen, einschlielich Details zum Verwalten Ihrer Datenschutzeinstellungen. . It would be such a bummer if your car suddenly broke down while you were on the road. The east side of the city is another area to avoid. You have to be careful and be aware of your surroundings and be smart. Are there any dangers to know about before crossing the border? Federal officials say this issue has a wide impact on society, as entire families depend on their automobiles to get around and to conduct business. They also said that more than 1,000 sicarios, or cartel hitmen, have been arrested in Baja California since 2019. Some tourists have found it easier to simply pay a bribe and give in to the extortion rather than ask the police officer to accompany them to the station. The main tourist area in Cabo San Lucas along the water has plenty of people around and is well lit, so it is rarely a crime target. These informal settlements frequently have increased gang activity and high poverty levels, making them unsafe for Americans to wander around alone. View photos and listing details of La Ribera, Baja California Sur, Mexico real estate, save or compare the properties you like. Our systems have detected unusual traffic from your computer network. I also don't recommend going to south, east or southeast part of the city (there's nothing to see there anyways). If you're planning your next travel adventure, ready for some fun with friends, family, the love of your life or fortunate enough to conduct business on the beach, Los Cabos holds . Absolutely. You are going to be safe in Tijuana if you use common sense such as not showing wealth, going out in the night or being in connection with drug cartels, which is the main reason why Tijuana has more than 2000 murders every year. You need not worry about what you hear. Cardn cacti, boojum trees, ocotillo, cholla and other desert marvels thrive in this beautiful desert area that sometimes doesn't receive any rain for a decade. the countrys second most violent state this year for total homicides, allegedly the CJNGs Baja California base, Mexican scientists helping to rid Galapagos of invasive plants, CDMXs Metrobus Line 3 now fully electric, Runner Citlali Moscote is first Mexican athlete to qualify for 2024 Olympics, Peso continues to strengthen; hits best level against the dollar since 2017, U.S. sanctions 8 Mexican companies for timeshare fraud schemes, Ovidio Guzmn, son of El Chapo, is captured in Sinaloa, 3 hotels evicted from properties in Tulum, guests and all. Many police officers in Mexico are highly corrupt. I even asked a wail back in the Jalisco forum( because we travel to PV more often) if people get the same comments about how dangerous it is , when they tell people theyre going to Mexico, because I was so frustrated about having the same conversation. #101-102 San Diego, CA 92111 800-727-BAJA (2252) ask@discoverbaja.com However, you should stick to the main roads and avoid hitchhikers. Use the map view to find homes and apartments for sale based on amenities and features in La Ribera, Baja California Sur, Mexico that you may want close . It is relatively safe compared to most of Mexico and major cities in the United States. While Ensenada has some good hiking trails, its essential to ask your hotel or Airbnb host if its a good idea to go. Drug deals are standard, which means that drug dealers and their henchmen are also present. One finds culinary routes, wine routes, missionary routes, hunting tours, eco- and agritours and cycle races organized entirely by American communities. Seriously, it is so community and family orientated and everyone is nice and wants to be helpful. Avoiding Unprofessional or Unlicensed Doctors. Learn some Spanish so you can communicate with locals. +526131351810. Along the highway are military check points, they have never caused us any problems. Alternatively, you may use, Dreams Los Cabos Suites Golf Resort & Spa, http://www.tripadvisor.com/help/how_to_edit_your_posts. Ensenada is a coastal city in Mexico, located on Baja California Peninsula. Except that one time we got home after dark from San Jose Del Cabo . That said, we pretty much stuck to the small towns of Baja. Not sure if the pavement is warmer or something, but they are big and can show up out of nowhere. Is Baja California Safe to Visit in 2023? View Details. The limits of the restricted area are: to the east, the limits of Baja California / Arizona and Baja California / Sonora. People who flash expensive belongings or money while out in public are often targets of this type of crime. The northern part of the peninsula, Baja California, is known for its great beaches, bays and waves suitable for surfing. We have broken down in the hot time of year and it is miserable while getting our vehicle fixed.
